D3348Retreatment of Previous Root Canal Therapy - Molar

What This Code Covers

D3348 covers the retreatment of a previously root canal-treated molar tooth. Molar retreatment is the most complex endodontic retreatment procedure due to the multiple canals (typically 3-4) and complex anatomy. The procedure involves removing all existing root canal filling material, locating any missed canals, re-cleaning and reshaping all canals, and placing new obturation material. The final restoration is billed separately.

Billing Guide

Bill this code when:

• A molar that previously had root canal therapy requires retreatment
• All existing filling material is removed from the molar canals
• The canals are re-instrumented, disinfected, and re-obturated
• The tooth has clinical or radiographic evidence of root canal failure

Do not bill this code when:

• The tooth is anterior. Use D3346
• The tooth is a premolar (bicuspid). Use D3347
• This is the initial root canal, not a retreatment. Use D3330 for molar
• Surgical retreatment (apicoectomy) is performed. Use D3410-D3427

Insurance and Denial Prevention

Key Payer Rules:

• D3348 carries the highest retreatment fee due to molar complexity (3-4 canals)
• Most payers cover molar retreatment when failure is documented radiographically
• Some plans have a time limit (e.g., no retreatment within 2 years of original treatment)
• A new crown may also be needed and should be billed separately if replaced

Common Denials and How to Respond:

• Extraction recommended instead - Document the clinical and financial rationale for saving the tooth versus extraction and replacement with an implant or bridge.
• Too soon after original treatment - Appeal with clinical evidence showing treatment failure regardless of timing. Periapical radiolucency, persistent symptoms, or new infection justify retreatment.
• Missing pre-operative radiograph - Submit the radiograph showing the existing root canal fill with associated periapical pathology or symptoms documentation.